See dunch on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dunchen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dunchen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmq",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "North Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "diunga",
"t": "to hit, knock"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish diunga (“to hit, knock”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "dunka",
"t": "to beat"
},
"expansion": "Swedish dunka (“to beat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dengen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dengen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "denġan"
},
"expansion": "Old English denġan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*dangijaną",
"t": "to bang, knock"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dangijaną (“to bang, knock”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dinge"
},
"expansion": "English dinge",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English dunchen, of uncertain origin. Possibly from the noun (see below); or of North Germanic origin, related to Old Swedish diunga (“to hit, knock”), dialectal Swedish dunka (“to beat”); or from Middle English dengen, from Old English denġan, denċġan (“to knock, ding”), from Proto-Germanic *dangijaną (“to bang, knock”). Compare English dinge.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dunches",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dunching",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dunchin",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dunched",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dunched",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"pres_ptc2": "dunchin"
},
"expansion": "dunch (third-person singular simple present dunches, present participle dunching or dunchin, simple past and past participle dunched)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Geordie English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To knock against; to hit, punch"
],
"id": "en-dunch-en-verb-5ZPLCnwR",
"links": [
[
"knock",
"knock"
],
[
"against",
"against"
],
[
"hit",
"hit"
],
[
"punch",
"punch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Geordie) To knock against; to hit, punch"
],
"tags": [
"Geordie"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Geordie English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To crash into; to bump into."
],
"id": "en-dunch-en-verb-52kqaHsS",
"links": [
[
"crash",
"crash"
],
[
"bump into",
"bump into"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Geordie) To crash into; to bump into."
],
"tags": [
"Geordie"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 21 23 3 6 27 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 15 17 5 10 33 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 18 21 4 8 26 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 19 25 3 6 29 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 17 18 3 6 24 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Breton translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 17 18 3 6 26 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 18 18 3 6 25 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Interlingua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 19 19 4 7 24 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 18 18 3 6 23 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 17 21 3 6 24 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 18 19 3 7 23 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 18 19 4 8 25 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 19 19 4 7 24 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Zazaki translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To gore with the horns, as a bull."
],
"id": "en-dunch-en-verb-3M2Z3KMB",
"links": [
[
"gore",
"gore"
],
[
"horn",
"horn"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland) To gore with the horns, as a bull."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 21 23 3 6 27 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 18 21 4 8 26 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 19 25 3 6 29 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 17 18 3 6 24 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Breton translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 17 18 3 6 26 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 18 18 3 6 25 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Interlingua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 19 19 4 7 24 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 18 18 3 6 23 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 17 21 3 6 24 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 18 19 3 7 23 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 18 19 4 8 25 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 19 19 4 7 24 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Zazaki translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To jog, especially with the elbow."
],
"id": "en-dunch-en-verb-wBW0BLjB",
"links": [
[
"jog",
"jog"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(British) To jog, especially with the elbow."
],
"tags": [
"British"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʌnt͡ʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-dunch.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dunch.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dunch.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dunch.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dunch.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌntʃ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Geordie"
],
"word": "dunsh"
}
],
"word": "dunch"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dunche"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dunche",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*dynċ"
},
"expansion": "Old English *dynċ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*dunkiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dunkiz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "dykr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse dykr",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "dunk",
"t": "a blow"
},
"expansion": "Danish dunk (“a blow”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "dunk",
"t": "a thump, clap"
},
"expansion": "Swedish dunk (“a thump, clap”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "dunk",
"t": "a knock, bump"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian dunk (“a knock, bump”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English dunche, perhaps from Old English *dynċ, from Proto-Germanic *dunkiz.\nCompare Old Norse dykr, dynkr (“a crashing noise”), Danish dunk (“a blow”), Swedish dunk (“a thump, clap”), Norwegian dunk (“a knock, bump”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dunches",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dunch (plural dunches)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1886 May 1 – July 31, Robert Louis Stevenson, Kidnapped, being Memoirs of the Adventures of David Balfour in the Year 1751: […], London; Paris: Cassell & Company, published 1886, →OCLC:",
"text": "And just at the same time the tide caught the brig, and threw the wind out of her sails. She came round into the wind like a top, and the next moment struck the reef with such a dunch as threw us all flat upon the deck, and came near to shake Mr. Riach from his place upon the mast.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A push; knock; bump."
],
"id": "en-dunch-en-noun-l83sYIun",
"links": [
[
"push",
"push"
],
[
"knock",
"knock"
],
[
"bump",
"bump"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) A push; knock; bump."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Golf",
"orig": "en:Golf",
"parents": [
"Ball games",
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 21 23 3 6 27 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 18 21 4 8 26 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 19 25 3 6 29 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 17 18 3 6 24 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Breton translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 17 18 3 6 26 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 18 18 3 6 25 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Interlingua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 19 19 4 7 24 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 18 18 3 6 23 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 17 21 3 6 24 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 18 19 3 7 23 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 18 19 4 8 25 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 19 19 4 7 24 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Zazaki translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fat hit from a claggy lie."
],
"id": "en-dunch-en-noun-lmziVF6c",
"links": [
[
"golf",
"golf"
],
[
"fat",
"fat"
],
[
"hit",
"hit"
],
[
"claggy",
"claggy"
],
[
"lie",
"lie"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(golf) A fat hit from a claggy lie."
],
"topics": [
"golf",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʌnt͡ʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-dunch.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dunch.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dunch.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dunch.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dunch.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌntʃ"
}
],
"word": "dunch"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dinner",
"3": "lunch"
},
"expansion": "Blend of dinner + lunch",
"name": "blend"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Blend of dinner + lunch, probably in imitation of brunch.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "?"
},
"expansion": "dunch",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 11 28 8 15 10 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English blends",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 21 23 3 6 27 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 18 21 4 8 26 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 19 25 3 6 29 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 17 18 3 6 24 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Breton translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 17 18 3 6 26 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 18 18 3 6 25 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Interlingua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 19 19 4 7 24 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 18 18 3 6 23 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 17 21 3 6 24 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 18 19 3 7 23 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 18 19 4 8 25 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 19 19 4 7 24 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Zazaki translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 100 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Food and drink",
"orig": "en:Food and drink",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I have a lunchtime meeting tomorrow, so let's have dunch together instead.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A leisurely meal between lunch and dinner in the late afternoon or early evening (about 3-5 p.m.), usually instead of lunch or dinner."
],
"id": "en-dunch-en-noun-cqTTiCrK",
"links": [
[
"meal",
"meal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, rare) A leisurely meal between lunch and dinner in the late afternoon or early evening (about 3-5 p.m.), usually instead of lunch or dinner."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "brinner"
},
{
"word": "brunch"
},
{
"word": "brupper"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "linner"
},
{
"word": "lupper"
}
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"rare"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "meal between lunch and dinner",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "adverenn"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "meal between lunch and dinner",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "berenar"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "meal between lunch and dinner",
"word": "merenda"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "meal between lunch and dinner",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "merenda"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "'asrâne",
"sense": "meal between lunch and dinner",
"word": "عصرانه"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "meal between lunch and dinner",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "merenda"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "meal between lunch and dinner",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "olovrant"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "meal between lunch and dinner",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "merienda"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "meal between lunch and dinner",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "êrene"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʌnt͡ʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-dunch.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dunch.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dunch.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dunch.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dunch.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌntʃ"
}
],
"word": "dunch"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "dunches",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dunchin",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "duncht",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "duncht",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"10": "duncht",
"2": "verbs",
"3": "third-person singular simple present",
"4": "dunches",
"5": "present participle",
"6": "dunchin",
"7": "simple past",
"8": "duncht",
"9": "past participle",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "dunch (third-person singular simple present dunches, present participle dunchin, simple past duncht, past participle duncht)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dunches",
"2": "dunchin",
"3": "duncht",
"4": "duncht"
},
"expansion": "dunch (third-person singular simple present dunches, present participle dunchin, simple past duncht, past participle duncht)",
"name": "sco-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hit, punch"
],
"id": "en-dunch-sco-verb-OMGxI-0E",
"links": [
[
"hit",
"hit"
],
[
"punch",
"punch"
]
]
}
],
"word": "dunch"
}
{
"categories": [
"English blends",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with unknown or uncertain plurals",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from North Germanic languages",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʌntʃ",
"Rhymes:English/ʌntʃ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Zazaki translations",
"en:Food and drink"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dunchen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dunchen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmq",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "North Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "diunga",
"t": "to hit, knock"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish diunga (“to hit, knock”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "dunka",
"t": "to beat"
},
"expansion": "Swedish dunka (“to beat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dengen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dengen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "denġan"
},
"expansion": "Old English denġan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*dangijaną",
"t": "to bang, knock"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dangijaną (“to bang, knock”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dinge"
},
"expansion": "English dinge",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English dunchen, of uncertain origin. Possibly from the noun (see below); or of North Germanic origin, related to Old Swedish diunga (“to hit, knock”), dialectal Swedish dunka (“to beat”); or from Middle English dengen, from Old English denġan, denċġan (“to knock, ding”), from Proto-Germanic *dangijaną (“to bang, knock”). Compare English dinge.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dunches",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dunching",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dunchin",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dunched",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dunched",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"pres_ptc2": "dunchin"
},
"expansion": "dunch (third-person singular simple present dunches, present participle dunching or dunchin, simple past and past participle dunched)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Geordie English"
],
"glosses": [
"To knock against; to hit, punch"
],
"links": [
[
"knock",
"knock"
],
[
"against",
"against"
],
[
"hit",
"hit"
],
[
"punch",
"punch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Geordie) To knock against; to hit, punch"
],
"tags": [
"Geordie"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Geordie English"
],
"glosses": [
"To crash into; to bump into."
],
"links": [
[
"crash",
"crash"
],
[
"bump into",
"bump into"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Geordie) To crash into; to bump into."
],
"tags": [
"Geordie"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Scottish English"
],
"glosses": [
"To gore with the horns, as a bull."
],
"links": [
[
"gore",
"gore"
],
[
"horn",
"horn"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland) To gore with the horns, as a bull."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English"
],
"glosses": [
"To jog, especially with the elbow."
],
"links": [
[
"jog",
"jog"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(British) To jog, especially with the elbow."
],
"tags": [
"British"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʌnt͡ʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-dunch.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dunch.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dunch.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dunch.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dunch.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌntʃ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Geordie"
],
"word": "dunsh"
}
],
"word": "dunch"
}
{
"categories": [
"English blends",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with unknown or uncertain plurals",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʌntʃ",
"Rhymes:English/ʌntʃ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Zazaki translations",
"en:Food and drink"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dunche"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dunche",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*dynċ"
},
"expansion": "Old English *dynċ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*dunkiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dunkiz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "dykr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse dykr",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "dunk",
"t": "a blow"
},
"expansion": "Danish dunk (“a blow”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "dunk",
"t": "a thump, clap"
},
"expansion": "Swedish dunk (“a thump, clap”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "dunk",
"t": "a knock, bump"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian dunk (“a knock, bump”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English dunche, perhaps from Old English *dynċ, from Proto-Germanic *dunkiz.\nCompare Old Norse dykr, dynkr (“a crashing noise”), Danish dunk (“a blow”), Swedish dunk (“a thump, clap”), Norwegian dunk (“a knock, bump”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dunches",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dunch (plural dunches)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1886 May 1 – July 31, Robert Louis Stevenson, Kidnapped, being Memoirs of the Adventures of David Balfour in the Year 1751: […], London; Paris: Cassell & Company, published 1886, →OCLC:",
"text": "And just at the same time the tide caught the brig, and threw the wind out of her sails. She came round into the wind like a top, and the next moment struck the reef with such a dunch as threw us all flat upon the deck, and came near to shake Mr. Riach from his place upon the mast.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A push; knock; bump."
],
"links": [
[
"push",
"push"
],
[
"knock",
"knock"
],
[
"bump",
"bump"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) A push; knock; bump."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Golf"
],
"glosses": [
"A fat hit from a claggy lie."
],
"links": [
[
"golf",
"golf"
],
[
"fat",
"fat"
],
[
"hit",
"hit"
],
[
"claggy",
"claggy"
],
[
"lie",
"lie"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(golf) A fat hit from a claggy lie."
],
"topics": [
"golf",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʌnt͡ʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-dunch.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dunch.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dunch.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dunch.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dunch.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌntʃ"
}
],
"word": "dunch"
}
{
"categories": [
"English blends",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with unknown or uncertain plurals",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʌntʃ",
"Rhymes:English/ʌntʃ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Zazaki translations",
"en:Food and drink"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "dinner",
"3": "lunch"
},
"expansion": "Blend of dinner + lunch",
"name": "blend"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Blend of dinner + lunch, probably in imitation of brunch.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "?"
},
"expansion": "dunch",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "brinner"
},
{
"word": "brunch"
},
{
"word": "brupper"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms",
"English terms with rare senses",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I have a lunchtime meeting tomorrow, so let's have dunch together instead.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A leisurely meal between lunch and dinner in the late afternoon or early evening (about 3-5 p.m.), usually instead of lunch or dinner."
],
"links": [
[
"meal",
"meal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, rare) A leisurely meal between lunch and dinner in the late afternoon or early evening (about 3-5 p.m.), usually instead of lunch or dinner."
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dʌnt͡ʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-dunch.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dunch.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dunch.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dunch.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dunch.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌntʃ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "linner"
},
{
"word": "lupper"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "meal between lunch and dinner",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "adverenn"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "meal between lunch and dinner",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "berenar"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "meal between lunch and dinner",
"word": "merenda"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "meal between lunch and dinner",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "merenda"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "'asrâne",
"sense": "meal between lunch and dinner",
"word": "عصرانه"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "meal between lunch and dinner",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "merenda"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "meal between lunch and dinner",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "olovrant"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "meal between lunch and dinner",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "merienda"
},
{
"code": "zza",
"lang": "Zazaki",
"sense": "meal between lunch and dinner",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "êrene"
}
],
"word": "dunch"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "dunches",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dunchin",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "duncht",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "duncht",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"10": "duncht",
"2": "verbs",
"3": "third-person singular simple present",
"4": "dunches",
"5": "present participle",
"6": "dunchin",
"7": "simple past",
"8": "duncht",
"9": "past participle",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "dunch (third-person singular simple present dunches, present participle dunchin, simple past duncht, past participle duncht)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dunches",
"2": "dunchin",
"3": "duncht",
"4": "duncht"
},
"expansion": "dunch (third-person singular simple present dunches, present participle dunchin, simple past duncht, past participle duncht)",
"name": "sco-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"Scots lemmas",
"Scots verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to hit, punch"
],
"links": [
[
"hit",
"hit"
],
[
"punch",
"punch"
]
]
}
],
"word": "dunch"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dunch meaning in All languages combined (12.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (65a6e81 and 0dbea76). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.